Kiwifruit plant named ‘Yang&#39;s Golden Red No. 50’

ABSTRACT

A kiwifruit plant particularly distinguished by pale yellow fruit flesh with red color radiating from the axial ovary, cylindrical fruit shape with a circular cross section and slightly blunt protruding stylar end, mid-season fruit maturity and an average fruit weight of 104 grams is described.

Genus and species: Actinidia chinensis.

Variety denomination: ‘Yang's Golden Red No. 50’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Actinidiachinensis (kiwifruit) hereinafter referred to by the cultivar name‘Yang's Golden Red No. 50’ or the ‘new plant’. ‘Yang's Golden Red No.50’ was selected from a population of seedlings derived from crossingtwo kiwifruit selections ‘Hongyang’ (U.S. Plant patent application Ser.No. 11/645,130—now abandoned), the female, and ‘Male No. 13’(unpatented), the non-fruiting male, using controlled pollination in thecourse of a planned kiwifruit variety breeding program. The new plantwas selected on 9 Sep., 2004 at Huaisi Town, Yangzhou, China.

The new plant has been asexually propagated by grafting and the uniquecombination of characteristics of the new plant has been found to bereproducible and stable in successive generations of propagation. Inorder to obtain true-to-type clones of the initial plant, asexuallypropagated plants were obtained by grafting dormant buds from theoriginal seedling onto Actinidia deliciosa rootstock.

Plant Variety Rights application for ‘Yang's Golden Red No. 50’ wasfiled in China on 9 Jan., 2012 and assigned the application number20120001.1. Propagation material of ‘Yang's Golden Red No. 50’ has neverbeen sold or made publically available prior to the filing of thisapplication.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The following are the most outstanding and distinguishingcharacteristics of the new plant when grown under normal horticulturalpractices in Huaisi Town, Yangzhou, China:

-   -   1. Pale yellow fruit flesh with red color radiating from the        axial ovary    -   2. Cylindrical fruit shape with a slightly blunt protruding        stylar end    -   3. Mid-season maturing fruit    -   4. Average fruit weight of 104 grams

DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS

The new plant is illustrated by the accompanying photographs which showin full color typical specimens of the plant habit, foliage, fruit andflowers of the new variety ‘Yang's Golden Red No. 50’. The colors shownare as true as can be reasonably obtained by conventional photographicprocedures. The photographs include plants approximately nine yearsafter grafting onto Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’ (unpatented) rootstockin optimum conditions in Huaisi Town, Yangzhou, China.

FIG. 1 shows nine year old grafted plants

FIG. 2 shows typical fruit on the vine

FIG. 3 shows typical whole fruit and cross section in the studio

FIG. 4 shows typical fruit cross section and longitudinal section in thestudio

FIG. 5 shows flowers on the vine

FIG. 6 shows flowers in the studio

DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW CULTIVAR

The following detailed description sets forth the distinctivecharacteristics of ‘Yang's Golden Red No. 50’. The followingobservations, measurements and values were made on nine year old vinesgrafted onto ‘Hayward’ (unpatented) rootstock, and managed understandard orchard practice in Huaisi Town, Yangzhou, China. Randommeasurements of each characteristic were obtained from a sample of 50plants unless otherwise stated.

Horticultural terminology is used in accordance with UPOV guidelines forkiwi. All dimensions are in millimeters, and all weights are in grams(unless otherwise stated). Certain characteristics of this variety, suchas growth and color, may change with changing environmental conditions(e.g., light, temperature and moisture), nutrient availability,rootstocks, or other factors. Color readings were taken in naturallight. Color references are primarily to the Fourth edition, 2001 of TheColour Chart published by The Royal Horticultural Society, London(R.H.S.), except where general colours of ordinary significance areused.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

-   Classification:    -   -   Family.—Actindiaceae.        -   Botanical name.—Actinidia chinensis.        -   Common name.—Kiwifruit.-   Parentage:    -   -   Female parent.—A kiwifruit selection ‘Hongyang’ (U.S. Plant            patent application Ser. No. 11/645,130).        -   Male parent.—A kiwifruit selection ‘Male No. 13’            (unpatented).-   Plant:    -   -   Plant habit.—Female plant of twining habit and medium            vigour.        -   Average plant size.—Plants are grown on a standard 1.8 m            high pergola structure; each plant is pruned to occupy a            canopy area of approximately 5 m by 5 m.        -   Trunk diameter.—50 mm to 60 mm at 75 cm above the ground and            50 mm above the graft.        -   Ploidy.—Tetraploid.        -   Propagation.—Grafting of dormant buds onto rootstock.-   Shoots:    -   -   Texture of young shoots.—Smooth.        -   Colour of young shoots.—Green, RHS 141C.        -   Texture of mature shoots.—Smooth with slightly raised            lenticels.        -   Colour of mature shoots.—Brown, RHS 200D.        -   Diameter of mature shoots.—8 mm to 15 mm.        -   Lenticels on shoots.—Quantity/density: 2-3 per square cm.            Length: 1 mm to 13 mm. Shape: narrowly elliptical. Colour:            greyed-white, RHS 156C.-   Leaves:    -   -   Quantity per one meter of mature shoot.—10 to 15.        -   Arrangement.—Alternate.        -   Length (mature leaf).—172 mm to 178 mm.        -   Width (mature leaf).—168 mm to 175 mm.        -   Shape.—Cordate.        -   Apex.—Obtuse.        -   Base.—Cordate, overlapping.        -   Margin.—Finely serrate.        -   Leaf spikes.—0.6 mm to 1 mm on leaf margins.        -   Texture.—Upper surface: slightly puckering, non-pubescent.            Lower surface: no pubescence.        -   Colour.—Young leaves, upper surface: green, RHS 138A. Young            leaves, lower surface: near green, RHS 137B. Mature leaves,            upper surface: green, RHS 137B. Mature leaves, lower            surface: near green, RHS 138C.        -   Venation.—Pattern: reticulate. Colour, upper surface: near            green, RHS 138A. Colour, lower surface: near green, RHS            138C.        -   Petiole (leaf stem).—Length: 140 mm to 170 mm. Diameter            (cross section) 2.6 mm to 3.8 mm. Colour: near green, RHS            138A. Texture: smooth, no pubescence.-   Inflorescence:    -   -   Inflorescence type.—One king flower with occasional 1-2            smaller side flowers.        -   Natural flowering season.—Full bloom during late April.        -   Duration of flowering.—6 to 8 days.        -   Flower number per square meter.—70 to 100.        -   Fragrance.—Light.        -   Longevity of viable flowers on the plant.—6 to 8 days.        -   Pedicel (stalk holding each flower).—Strength: moderate.            Length: 40 mm to 60 mm. Colour: green, RHS 138C.        -   Flowers.—Flower bud (diameter): 12 mm to 16 mm. Flower bud            (length): 10 mm to 12 mm. Shape of flower bud: round,            slightly flattened. Colour of bud: green, RHS 139C. Diameter            of individual flower: 35 mm to 47 mm. Arrangement of petals:            overlapping.        -   Petals.—Quantity: 6 to 7. Length: 30 mm to 40 mm. Width: 20            mm to 25 mm. Shape: oblanceolate. Type of colouration:            Colour, primary when fully opened: white, 155C. Colour, base            of petals and centre (inside) when fully opened: green            white, 157C.        -   Sepals.—Quantity: 6 to 7. Length: 12 mm to 15 mm. Width: 10            mm to 12 mm. Shape: oblanceolate. Colour: green, RHS 138B.        -   Peduncles.—Length: 45 mm to 60 mm. Colour: green, RHS 138C.            Texture: smooth.-   Reproductive organs:    -   -   Styles.—Quantity: 30 to 40. Attitude: semi erect. Colour:            white, RHS 155C.        -   Stamens.—Quantity: 60 to 80.        -   Anthers.—Colour: orange, RHS 24A.        -   Ovary.—(King flower). Length: 8-9 mm. Shape: ellipsoid.            Colour: white, RHS 155C. Texture: densely pubescent.-   Fruit:    -   -   Length.—60 mm to 69 mm.        -   Diameter.—55 mm to 75 mm.        -   Weight range.—95 g to 160 g.        -   Average weight.—104 to 112 g.        -   Texture.—Sparsely pubescent.        -   Skin colour at harvest.—Yellow green, RHS 152C.        -   Shape.—Longitudinal: cylindrical. Cross section: circular.            Stylar end: slightly blunt protruding. Shoulder: squared.        -   Calyx ring.—Present. Expression: strong.        -   Stalks.—Length: 40 mm to 60 mm. Diameter: 2.3 mm to 3.1 mm.            Texture on mature fruit: smooth. Colour on mature fruit:            green, RHS 139C.        -   Lenticels.—Quantity: sparse. Colour: yellow green, RHS 152C.        -   Pericarp.—Outer colour, early: green, RHS 141C. Outer            colour, mature: yellow green, RHS 152C. Inner colour,            mature: green yellow, RHS 1D; colour radiating around seeds            red, RHS 43C. Spread of red colour along the locules:            medium. Hue angle: Reaches a hue angle of 110° approximately            150 days after full bloom. Adherence of pericarp to the            skin: moderate.        -   Core of fruit.—Colour, mature: white, RHS 155C. Shape:            transversely elliptical. Quantity of locules: 30 to 42.            Quantity of Seeds: 40 to 50 per transverse slice through            middle of fruit. Colour of seeds: greyed orange, RHS 165B.            Size of seeds: approximately 2 mm long by 1 mm wide.        -   Flavour.—Taste: sweet. Dry matter at harvest: 17% to 19%.            Dry matter at consumption: 18% to 21%. Brix level at            harvest: 7%. Brix level at consumption: 17 to 20%.        -   Storage.—20 weeks at 1 degree Celsius.        -   Overall fruit cropping per hectare.—25 to 40 tons.-   Rootstock: ‘Yang's Golden Red No. 50’ is commonly grown on Actinidia    deliciosa seedling rootstock.-   Vegetative bud break:    -   -   Timing.—Mid-March.        -   Quantity of buds breaking.—75% to 85%.        -   Crop load.—2.5 kg to 3 kg per square meter average.        -   Leaf senescence.—Late November.-   Disease resistance: No observations made.-   Insect resistance: No observations made.

COMPARISON WITH PARENTAL AND KNOWN CULTIVARS

When compared to the female parent ‘Hongyang’ (U.S. Plant patentapplication Ser. No. 11/645,130); ‘Yang's Golden Red No. 50’ fruitmatures approximately four weeks later, fruit has a slightly bluntprotruding stylar end and significantly heavier average fruit weight.

When compared to the male parent ‘Male No. 13’ (unpatented) which is anon-fruiting male pollinator; ‘Yang's Golden Red No. 50’ has brownmature stems with elliptical lenticels, cordate leaves and bears fruit;whereas ‘Chinensis Male No. 13’ (unpatented) has dark grey mature stemswith circular lenticels, widely ovate leaves and does not bear fruit.

When compared to the commercial variety ‘Hort16A’ (U.S. Pat. No.11,066); fruit of ‘Yang's Golden Red No. 50’ matures two weeks earlier,is cylindrical in shape with a slightly blunt protruding stylar end,squared shoulder and has pale yellow flesh with red color radiating fromthe axial ovary; whereas fruit of ‘Hort16A’ (U.S. Pat. No. 11,066) isovoid in shape with a strong pointed stylar end, rounded shoulder andhas golden yellow flesh.

We claim:
 1. A new and distinct cultivar of kiwifruit plant as shown anddescribed herein.